In the 1971 general elections, the ruling Congress formed the government at the center by getting a majority in the Lok-Sabha by giving the slogan of 'Garibi Hatao' but in the years after 1971-72, there was no improvement in the Socio-economic condition of the country. The economy crumbled further due to refugee from Bangladesh. Even at the international level after the establishment of Bangladesh, the United States banned all aid to India. The unexpected increase in oil prices in the international market made India's economic condition unbalanced. Due to the failure of monsoon in 1972-73 there was a significant reduction in agricultural productions across the country.
As a result, there was an atmosphere of discontent throughout the country. In March 1974, due to unemployment and corruption in the state, shortage of food grains and unexpected increase in prices, the students of Bihar started movement against the government. The students of Bihar invited Jayprakash Narayan to lead this movement. Jay Prakash Narayan accepted the students invitation on the condition that the movement would remain non-violent and would not itself to Bihar. From this point of view, the student movement assumed a Political character. On the request of Jay Prakash Narayan, people from all walks of life jumped into the movement. Jay Prakash Narayan called for a 'total revolution' in the social economic and political field by demanding the dismissal of the Congress government of Bihar. The aim of Jay Prakash Narayans Sampoorna Kranti was to establish true democracy in India.
A series of gherao, strike and struggle started against the Bihar government for the resignation of the government. Despite this the government did not resign. Jay Prakash Narayan wished that this movement of Bihar should spread to other parts of the country also. It is noteworthy that when the movements were going on in Bihar under the leadership of Jay Prakash Narayan, at the same time the railways employees also called for a nation wide strike against the central government. That strike had a huge impact. Jay Prakash Narayan led the parliament march held in Delhi in 1975. Never before had such a big rally been organized in the capital Delhi. Thus the movements of both the states of Gujarat and Bihar were considered as anti-Congress movements.
